L* (Fig. 1b) decreased when heating lasted from 10 to 50 min at 80 C, 90 C, or 100 C. However, it did not change significantly within 20 min at any of these temperatures compared with the control (data not shown). Heating for 30 min or longer at 100 C decreased L* more strongly than that at 80 C and 90 C. The L* of the samples heated at 100 C for 40 min decreased by 2.33%, which was significantly (p < 0.05) different from that at 80 C or 90 C.