5. Implications for practice
Results of these studies suggest that nurse managers can increase nurses' job satisfaction in terms of empowering them and improving the staff nurses' commitment to the organization by means of manipulating workplace structures. An understanding of current perceptions of empowerment and its relationships to organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the nursing workforce may be instructive in removing barriers to access of power sources, facilitating acceptance of change, increasing organizational commitment, and providing high quality patient care. Thus, nurse managers should encourage and support interdependence among health care providers; enable these providers to accomplish the work effectively; and create a supportive environment for nurses to build effective relationships with peers, superiors and subordinates within and outside the organization. Furthermore, the nurses need to formulate individualized professional development plans and be encouraged to participate in the management of the organization.