The bandstab protocol of Wilton et al. (1997) was used to determine the sequences of the Mfp-3 amplified products from the first set of adult mussels. A pipet tip was used to stab individual bands of the DGGE gels; after immersing the pipet tip in the previously described second-round PCR mixture, the sequences were reamplified under the same nested conditions for 25 cycles. DGGE analysis of the PCR products was performed to ensure that a single sequence was successfully amplified