(1) extra-curriculum: a course outside of academic curriculum;
(2) inter-curriculum: a session(s) add-in to an academic course;
(3) intra-curriculum: integrated into a course; and
(4) stand-alone: an independent course(s) within academic curricula (Eisenberg
et al., 2004; Peacock, 2006). The intra-curricular approach, also known as the
curricular integration or embedded approach, is defined by the Association of
College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Information Literacy Competency
Standards for Higher Education as being “woven into the curriculum’s content,
structure and sequence” (Association of College and Research Libraries, 2001,
p. 5).
Both “integration” and “embedding” are used