- Many ideas of anti-colonial movements easily labeled “communist” by U.S. and its allies. - Anti-Communism used to support the status quo. *Organizing workers and peasants exploited under colonialism. *Speaking against racism of colonialism and racial segregation. *Participation of activist students in anti-colonial and anti-racist movements. -Paranoia over communism puts United States in difficult position. (1) Supporting conservative, right-wing, authoritarian independence parties. (2) Supporting dictatorial governments, as long as they fight “communism.” - Communist leaders like China, and later Cuba, seemed to offer more support for independence, self-determination and anti-racism.