Each EIC, under all scenarios, should fully delineate the risk of
coercion in terms of the specific
public health intervention strategies considered, the degrees of
community and individual acceptance or resistance anticipated in
all geographic locations critical to
program success, and the likelihood that local community engagement efforts will be effective.
All scenarios ought to identify all available noncoerdve measures
and build in the assumption that they will be used in preference to
coercion. No coercive measures should be adopted unless the
principle of least restrictive means is scrupulously observed
and the measures are otherwise ethically justifiable on grounds of both
international human rights standards
and multiple existing public health ethics frameworks.