aqueous medium with low pH. In another study, Alizadeh-Sani et al.[123] prepared an active nanocomposite based on sodium caseinate filmreinforced with zinc oxide nanoparticles and rosemary EO and evaluatedtheir optical, mechanical, barrier, and antimicrobial properties. Theresults disclosed that the fabricated significantly improved the mechanical, barrier properties, and reduced the water vapor permeabilitybut increased their flexibility and antimicrobial activity. All these resultsindicate that the nanocomposites can be efficient nanomaterials for usein active food packaging.