ConclusionA novel method for the determination of PAs in high lipid food-stuffs was developed using LC-MS/MS-MRM mode combined withFLP and SCX-SPE cleanup. FLP showed efficient removal of largeamounts of lipids extracted from food samples without any sig-nificant loss of PAs. Compared with other cleanup methods forremoving lipids, FLP showed easy method to handle and enableto control sample size, and convenient to combine with a SPE car-tridge. Based on the SPE elution patterns of basic PAs on the SCXadsorbent, remaining PAs after the FLP procedure were effectivelypurified from complicated sample matrix. In view of the recov-ery and sensitivity of PAs as well as the removal of interferences,the FLP and the SCX-SPE cleanup approach was effective for thedetermination of trace PAs in high lipid foodstuffs.The proposed MS/MS fragmentation pathways of PAs were sug-gested for the confirmation and precise quantification used in theMRM mode. Thus, the use of LC-MS/MS-MRM mode allowed forpositive peak confirmation and the quantification of trace PAsby selecting the precursor-product ions. The developed methodshowed excellent performance in terms of the linearity, accu-racy, precision, recovery, and sensitivity. This established methodwas successfully applied for the determination of trace PAs with