Differentially expressed proteins
Identification of differentially expressed proteins was carried out as reported in . In order to identify differences specifically caused by a certain growth rate, proteins expressed in batch culture and retentostats were compared to each other for a specific substrate condition (acetate or acetate plus benzoate) via one-way ANOVA with subsequent application of the t-test. False discovery rates (FDR) were calculated as described in . Two technical replicates were taken from the retentostat experiments. In order to gain sufficient power to recognize differentially abundant pro-teins, the randomization of the protein abundances was applied 100 times within each technical sample and not between the con-ditions. The FDR threshold was set to 2%.