Functions of management include planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
Planning is determining organizational goals and a means for achieving them. Organizing is deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom in the company. Leading is inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals. Controlling is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when progress isn’t being made.
The textbook is organized based on the four management functions, as shown on this slide.