1.management inattention or management neglect of productivity improvement strategies
2.lack of managerial focus or manager have failed to managing work and organizations people and production and operations
3.managerial focus on short-term results and neglect long-term productivity gains
4.a big numbered workers entering the labor force and an exit to many experienced workers who accepted early retirement
5.manufacturing sector measure of labor and material standards are insufficient
6.lack of productivity goals few organizations establish productivity goals which a)realistic challenging but not too difficult to achieve b)specific with a specific timetable c)meaningful to the individual employee and the organization