Diffuse (or non-point-source) pollution from agricultural area is
a main source of water quality degradation and a regulatory
priority due to huge loading (Schreiber et al., 2001; Prasad et al.,
2004). Water quality in agricultural basins is frequently degraded
by nitrogen (N) discharge during cultivation (Jégo et al., 2008). It is
difficult to express the diffuse agricultural pollution generated by a
basin using traditional point-source pollution monitoring methods,
such as pollution concentration and flow monitoring
(Mbonimpa et al., 2014).