Plant cell vacuoles are one of the most variable multifunctional
organelles. The shape and size of vacuoles and their inclusions are
determined by the tissue and species characteristics and can vary
throughout the cell life cycle. The vacuoles of root cells have storage
functions and soybean root cells have small vacuoles with osmiophilic
inclusions within nitrobenzene treatment (Zaalishvili et al.,
2002). Previous reports have shown that the root apex cells of
soybean seedlings grown in microgravity had more cell vacuolation
(Klymchuk et al., 2003). The studies of Minocha et al. (2001) and
Prabagar et al. (2010) showed that aluminum was taken up by the
suspension cultures but initially confined to the cell wall at high
(1.0 mM) concentrations, Al was subsequently also detected in
vacuoles. It was related to our research that without Al treatment,
the structural configuration of root tip cells and natural characteristics
were all intact. But after adding Al into the solution, the cell
wall thickened; and the external membrane of nucleus was
swollen. It might be related to the Al accumulation, and the root
tips take this way to prevent its normal physiologic function from
aluminum toxicity. With the increase of Al concentration, the
nucleus and mitochondrion disorganized, and the intercellular
space widened, there might collected a lot of Al. It did damage
to the plant cell. Our study also examined the vacuoles that contained
electron-dense deposits inclusions and found that the
number of inclusions was related to the morphology of plant
growth. During the 10 mg L1 Al treatment when the roots were
responding positively to Al stimulation, the inclusions were much
Fig. 8. more numerous than that of the check treatment, but the number
decreased as the roots experienced growth inhibitions under
higher Al concentrations
Plant cell vacuoles are one of the most variable multifunctional
organelles. The shape and size of vacuoles and their inclusions are
determined by the tissue and species characteristics and can vary
throughout the cell life cycle. The vacuoles of root cells have storage
functions and soybean root cells have small vacuoles with osmiophilic
inclusions within nitrobenzene treatment (Zaalishvili et al.,
2002). Previous reports have shown that the root apex cells of
soybean seedlings grown in microgravity had more cell vacuolation
(Klymchuk et al., 2003). The studies of Minocha et al. (2001) and
Prabagar et al. (2010) showed that aluminum was taken up by the
suspension cultures but initially confined to the cell wall at high
(1.0 mM) concentrations, Al was subsequently also detected in
vacuoles. It was related to our research that without Al treatment,
the structural configuration of root tip cells and natural characteristics
were all intact. But after adding Al into the solution, the cell
wall thickened; and the external membrane of nucleus was
swollen. It might be related to the Al accumulation, and the root
tips take this way to prevent its normal physiologic function from
aluminum toxicity. With the increase of Al concentration, the
nucleus and mitochondrion disorganized, and the intercellular
space widened, there might collected a lot of Al. It did damage
to the plant cell. Our study also examined the vacuoles that contained
electron-dense deposits inclusions and found that the
number of inclusions was related to the morphology of plant
growth. During the 10 mg L1 Al treatment when the roots were
responding positively to Al stimulation, the inclusions were much
Fig. 8. more numerous than that of the check treatment, but the number
decreased as the roots experienced growth inhibitions under
higher Al concentrations
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