Results
Baseline characteristics of the sample (n=146) are presented in Table 1. Few (30%) participants were female, the average age of the sample was approximately 57±13 years, and nearly half of the sample was retired or on disability because of HF. A majority of participants had more than a high school education, and 20% lived alone. A minority of participants had ischemic HF, a majority had NYHA class III–IV at enrollment, and the average duration of HF was more than six years.