‘White Tigers’ are countries that lack public participation
provisions and/or public participation initiatives. ‘White Tigers’
have stakeholder engagement provisions but are ineffective in
its implementation due to non-adaptive targeting of stakeholders
and weak policy implementation. ‘White Tigers’ also
refer to countries that conduct public participation practices
merely as a quasi-policy endorsement facade.Characteristics of
‘White Tigers’ are countries that do not consult stakeholders in
their policy planning or implement public participation
exercises in an inaccessible manner. This often results in SEA
implementation that externally appear strong but internally is
weak and lack stakeholder and public support