1. INTRODUCTION
More than 90% world’s rice production coming
from Asia. Rice production first among agricultural
commodity of Indonesia. Rice bran is a brown layer present
between rice and the outer husk of the paddy. Rice bran oil is
an important derivative of rice. Depending on variety of rice
and degree of milling, the bran contains 16-32 wt% of oil.
About 60-70% of the oil produced from this bran is non edible
oil, due to the problems attributed to the stability and storage
of the rice bran and the dispersed nature of rice milling . Rice
bran oil (RBO) is considered to be one of the most nutritious
oils due its favourable fatty acid composition and unique
combination of naturally occurring biologically active and
antioxidant compounds [1]. RBO has been difficult to refine
because of the its high content of free fatty acid (FFA),
unsaponifiable matter and dark colour [2] . The results
obtained show a 49% reduction in smoke, 35% reduction in
HC and 37% reduction in CO emissions for the blends
whereas the brake power and BTE are reduced by 2.4% and
3.2% respectively with 4.3% increase in the SFC . Therefore it
is concluded from the present experimental study that the
blends of RBO and Diesel fuel can successfully be used in
Diesel engines as an alternative fuel without any modification
in the engine and it is also environment friendly by the
emission standards. The present research is aimed to
investigate experimentally the performance and exhaust
emission characteristics of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine
when fuelled with conventional diesel fuel, rice bran oil
biodiesel, a blend of diesel and rice bran oil biodiesel and
three blends of diesel-biodiesel-ethanol over the entire range
of load on the engine. The experimental results showed that
the highest brake thermal efficiency was observed with 15%
ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The exhaust gas
temperature and the sound intensity from the engine reduced
with the increase of ethanol percentage in diesel-biodieselethanol
blends. The Carbon monoxide and smoke emissions
reduced significantly with higher percentage of ethanol in
diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The unused oxygen with 5%
ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blend was lower than that
of diesel fuel [3]. .From the literature it is concluded that
alternate fuels can be used as substitute for diesel by
evaluating its properties and blending them with diesel in
small proportions can improved performance parameters and
reduce emissions without modifying the engine design.
1. INTRODUCTIONMore than 90% world’s rice production comingfrom Asia. Rice production first among agriculturalcommodity of Indonesia. Rice bran is a brown layer presentbetween rice and the outer husk of the paddy. Rice bran oil isan important derivative of rice. Depending on variety of riceand degree of milling, the bran contains 16-32 wt% of oil.About 60-70% of the oil produced from this bran is non edibleoil, due to the problems attributed to the stability and storageof the rice bran and the dispersed nature of rice milling . Ricebran oil (RBO) is considered to be one of the most nutritiousoils due its favourable fatty acid composition and uniquecombination of naturally occurring biologically active andantioxidant compounds [1]. RBO has been difficult to refinebecause of the its high content of free fatty acid (FFA),unsaponifiable matter and dark colour [2] . The resultsobtained show a 49% reduction in smoke, 35% reduction inHC and 37% reduction in CO emissions for the blendswhereas the brake power and BTE are reduced by 2.4% and3.2% respectively with 4.3% increase in the SFC . Therefore itis concluded from the present experimental study that theblends of RBO and Diesel fuel can successfully be used inDiesel engines as an alternative fuel without any modificationin the engine and it is also environment friendly by theemission standards. The present research is aimed toinvestigate experimentally the performance and exhaustemission characteristics of a direct injection (DI) diesel enginewhen fuelled with conventional diesel fuel, rice bran oilbiodiesel, a blend of diesel and rice bran oil biodiesel andthree blends of diesel-biodiesel-ethanol over the entire rangeof load on the engine. The experimental results showed thatthe highest brake thermal efficiency was observed with 15%ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The exhaust gastemperature and the sound intensity from the engine reducedwith the increase of ethanol percentage in diesel-biodieselethanolblends. The Carbon monoxide and smoke emissionsreduced significantly with higher percentage of ethanol indiesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The unused oxygen with 5%ethanol in diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blend was lower than thatof diesel fuel [3]. .From the literature it is concluded thatalternate fuels can be used as substitute for diesel byevaluating its properties and blending them with diesel insmall proportions can improved performance parameters andreduce emissions without modifying the engine design.
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