Figure 3 shows mean asynchrony (±1 SE) as a function of driving period. A repeated-measures ANOVA revealed no significant main effect of driving period on asynchrony, p >.10. On average, participants arrived at the targets within 20 ms of the metronome beats for all periods. This result is surprising in view of previous findings showing a shift from positive to negative asynchrony for short versus long periods (e.g., Mates, Radil, Müller, & Pöppel, 1994). However, others have argued that the strategy to react to tones instead of predicting them arises as an artifact of imprecise task instruction (Repp & Doggett, 2007). Perhaps our particular instructions together with the feedback available from tapping on the targets with the dowel resulted in near synchronous performance for all driving periods tested here.