4.2 Social
4.2.1 Customary (traditional) practices
(a) Types of traditional knowledge and practice in coastal management
(b) Balancing traditional and western approaches to coastal management
(c) Integrating traditional knowledge, practice and beliefs into coastal management programmes
4.2.2 Collaborative and community-based management
(a) Background to the development of collaborative and community-based management
(b) Making the choice: collaborative or community-based management?
(c) Developing collaborative and community based management programmes
(d) Conclusion
4.2.3 Capacity building
(a) Communication, education and training
(b) Research and data management
(c) Section summary
4.2.4 Recreation and tourism management
(a) Concepts of recreation and tourism management
(b) Recreation and tourism planning