The authors find increases in Tobin’s Q for firms where there is a concentration of control and an excess of the largest shareholder’s voting rights over cash flow rights. They comment: ‘These results are consistent with stronger reporting standards enhancing firm value by mitigating incentives for controlling shareholders to expropriate minority shareholders.’ They also find that ‘Increases in Tobin’s Q associated with financial reporting reform are concentrated in EU firms that (1) are not cross-listed in the US, (2) have families as their largest shareholders, or (3) have a largest shareholder who holds 20 percent or more of the firm’s cash flow rights. These results suggest that minority shareholders of firms with the most severe perceived information asymmetries are among the major beneficiaries of EU financial reporting reform.’