(70 nm) were dispersed in the organic phase as the second immersion
step and were put on the polyamide surface layer [42].
There are different parameters that affect the interfacial polymerization process. According to the literature, these parameters are as
follows: the piperazine concentration is 3.5 wt.%, the retention time in
amine solution is 2 min, TMC concentration is 0.15 wt.%, oven temperature is 100 °C, and retention time in the oven is 2 min. Only the effect
of the concentration nanoparticles and the polymerization reaction
time were to be investigated in terms of the properties and performance
of synthesized nanocomposite membranes. Correspondingly, nine different membranes were synthesized and analyzed in terms of structure
and filtration performance
In sum, 27 different nanocomposite membranes were synthesized
via aforementioned methods. Fig. 1 shows the schematic structure of
three different nanocomposite membranes fabricated in the present
study
Nanocomposite membranes with aforementioned specifications are
provided in Table 2 and are specified with codes as Mxyz, in which x
determines the polymer concentration level, y determines the polymeization time level, and z denotes the nanoparticle concentration (in the
polymeric solution for BNM, in the organic phase solution for IPNM and
in the acrylic acid for PPNM) level