Algae and bacteria have coexisted ever since the early stages of evolution. This coevolution has revolutionized life
on earth inmany aspects. Algae and bacteria together influence ecosystems as varied as deep seas to lichens and
represent all conceivablemodes of interactions—frommutualismto parasitism. Several studies have shown that
algae and bacteria synergistically affect each other's physiology and metabolism, a classic case being algae–
roseobacter interaction. These interactions are ubiquitous and define the primary productivity in most ecosystems.
In recent years, algae have received much attention for industrial exploitation but their interaction with
Algae–bacteria interactions: Evolution, ecology and
emerging applications