counting is difficult and repeated age
appropriate education by experienced health
professionals is necessary to maintain accuracy
in estimations.9,10 Although intensive regimens
increase flexibility in food intake, regularity in
meal routines and monitoring blood glucose
levels at least four times daily remain important
for optimal glycaemic control.
Dietary advice for all people with type 1
diabetes should include education regarding
the glycaemic index (GI ).11 Low GI foods are
encouraged as these foods minimise the
postprandial glycaemic excursion and improve
long term glycaemic outcome.12 Low GI foods
(such as some wholegrain breads, most pasta,
legumes, temperate climate fruits, milk and
yoghurt) cause a gradual sustained rise in
postprandial blood glucose levels and improved
long term glycaemic control compared to high
GI foods that produce dramatic fluctuations
in postprandial blood glucose levels. Low GI
foods should be incorporated at all meals and
snacks and used instead of high GI foods where
practical.