In the "Roaring Twenties", stocks increased in value four times over, an unsustainable gain truthful only on paper. By 1933 after the crash, stocks in general were worth 80 percent less than they were at their peak a few years earlier [8]. The banks had failed to collect on loans that had been provided to purchase stocks, in the process of investors "buying on margin" and the resulting consumer discomforts lead to a run on bank deposits. Banks began failing, and $160 billion in deposits was lost, all due to the original decline in the New York Stock Exchange. Between increased regulation, the FDIC and World War II, the markets finally passed their per-crash highs in 1954 [8]. It had taken twenty-five years for the NSYE to recover from its mistakes in the early twentieth century.