in conclusion, L. rhamnosus was able to induce several
antiviral effects against HsV-1, which might be through
different mechanisms including competing with virus for cell
surface attachment, increasing macrophage viability, following
stimulation of pro-inflammatory responses. thus, our results
suggest future in vivo evaluation of L. rhamnosus for increasing
the immune defense in the cells as a probable candidate for
HsV-1 infection co-therapy