But the method of modification used with
GM seeds varies from the traditional method in an important respect: the genes have not
been modified over generations of cross-fertilization, but rather inserted directly into the
DNA of the seed.2
Although this method is more efficient, critics fear that the result — a
"novel gene combination" — may have health or environmental impacts that are not
being adequately addressed.3
As a result, the technology is surrounded by significant
controversy.
The reaction of farmers to this new technology has been mixed. Some farmers have
quickly adopted the technology.4
Other farmers, mindful of the controversy surrounding
GM products, have hesitated to use GM seeds as part of their agricultural operations.
Farmers should understand both the benefits and concerns that are raised by the use of
GM seeds. Benefits of the technology include increased crop yields, diminished use of
pesticides and herbicides, and increased profits. Concerns that farmers should address
before adopting the technology include the private contractual relations between farmers
and seed companies, the environmental impacts of the technology, and the potential
impacts of consumer concerns (both domestic and international) on the market for GM
products.
This paper describes the benefits that GM seeds can provide to farmers, as well as the
concerns that farmers should address before utilizing these seeds. It is intended only as a
general introduction to these benefits and concerns. The information contained in this
paper should not be considered legal advice.