presented by Emparanza (2009); it was concluded that feed input, water exchange and stocking density are the variables with the most impact. One reported solution is could be the oversizing of biofilters, to ensure they are more flexible in response to changes; however, this formula demands also higher investments. So that a suitable balance can be reached, calculations need to be more realistic and less optimistic (i.e. including a margin of error) whilst
cost-effectiveness needs to be a requisite, in relation to the four types of carrying capacities (physical, production, ecological and social) of the system (McKindsey et al., 2006). Finally, the person in charge should always be able to anticipate required system modifications,
understanding relationships and interactions among the parameters, cultured fish and external outputs (i.e. feed, oxygen, energy and water).