What is clear, however, is that the socio-ecological and political environment is critical in determining the elements of an appropriate groundwater governance regime.
What is also clear is that there is no ‘one best way’ to organise and govern a country’s groundwater irrigation economy simply because of the many different combinations of resources, people, society, economy, and polity that change in signifcant ways across space and time. Achieving a policy goal depends on a complex mix of socio-economic and political contingencies.