However, these
reported dyes based probes for Ca2+ and F− are faced with the poor
water solubility which severely restricts their application in water
environment systems. Moreover, synthesis of many organic dyes is
complex and expensive.
Compared with traditional organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, quantum dots (QDs), as a kind of inorganic nanomaterials,have attracted more attentions owing to their unique optical properties including size tunable fluorescence, narrow and symmetric
emission peak with a broad excited wavelength, and excellent photostability,