We previously demonstrated that synthetic peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligands inhibit non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell growth through multiple signaling pathways. Here, we show that dietary compounds, such as fish oil (which contains certain kinds of fatty acids like ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids), also inhibits NSCLC cell growth by affecting PPARγ and by inhibiting the expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK).