Interest in integration heightened during the 1990 under the banner of supply chain management. While logistics was traditionally viewed as an individual function focused on disitionally finished goods to customers. Highperformance supply chain management required that iogistics aslo coordinate with inbound supply to minimize congestion and maximize utilization.supply chain management affected other parts of the firm as eell . Manufacturing,for example, was no longer viewed as a separate function but as a value creation process in the larger supply chain context. SCM focused on breaking down functional silos create integrated processes. Firms embraced ato tal systems approach to facilitate coordination internally and with supply chain partners, often using enhanced communication and information technilogies