i) Ripening with ethephon / Ethrel : Ethephon (2-choloroethyl-phosphonic acid) is commercially available and is registered for pre-harvest use on a variety of crops for controlling developmental processes or inducing ripening. This chemical is approved for post-harvest use on fruits crops for enhancing ripening. For post-harvest treatments, the known quantity of ethephon is diluted in water and fruits are dipped in the solution for a specified period. This substance ensures that there is uniform ripening of fruits. This technique provides a safe and effective method of ripening of fruits compared to the conventional technique of using calcium carbide.