I. INTRODUCTION
OPTICAL isolator, which is a non-reciprocal device to
allow propagation in only one direction, has gained
much attention for its applications in high power optical fiber
lasers, optical amplifiers, and high-speed fiber optic communication
systems to block unwanted back reflections and
unwanted propagation of light [1]–[17]. When the linearly
polarized light propagating through the medium undergoes
45 rotation of plane of polarization due to applied magnetic
field and if this light is reflected back to the medium again,
the plane of polarization the light is again rotated by 45 .
Thus, the back-reflected light with 90 rotation of the plane of
polarization is blocked resulting in isolation of the reflected
light. This phenomenon can be used to avoid self-oscillations
of the fiber amplifier and to decrease the noise in the light
signal, and to prevent the damages of the signal source or laser
source caused by back-reflections from optical devices such as
fiber optic connectors and receivers [1]–[4].
Most popular optical isolators using paramagnetic glasses,
magneto-optic garnet crystals, films, and ridge waveguides
are based on the well-known magneto-optic Faraday effect.
I. INTRODUCTIONOPTICAL isolator, which is a non-reciprocal device toallow propagation in only one direction, has gainedmuch attention for its applications in high power optical fiberlasers, optical amplifiers, and high-speed fiber optic communicationsystems to block unwanted back reflections andunwanted propagation of light [1]–[17]. When the linearlypolarized light propagating through the medium undergoes45 rotation of plane of polarization due to applied magneticfield and if this light is reflected back to the medium again,the plane of polarization the light is again rotated by 45 .Thus, the back-reflected light with 90 rotation of the plane ofpolarization is blocked resulting in isolation of the reflectedlight. This phenomenon can be used to avoid self-oscillationsof the fiber amplifier and to decrease the noise in the lightsignal, and to prevent the damages of the signal source or lasersource caused by back-reflections from optical devices such asfiber optic connectors and receivers [1]–[4].Most popular optical isolators using paramagnetic glasses,magneto-optic garnet crystals, films, and ridge waveguidesare based on the well-known magneto-optic Faraday effect.
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