handle bulk materials. Screw conveyors are ubiquitous in the field of bulk material handling. Their operation has developed little over the 2,200 years since Archimedes discovered the utility of elevating water with an inclined screw. Screws are effective horizontal conveyors and metering feeders for a broad range of bulk materials. However, as screw conveyors are inclined their handling capacity deteriorates and the limit of gravity sliding down the face of the screw flight is quickly reached. At inclinations steeper than
30º more than half of the spectrum of bulk materials requires an alternate elevating technology, as screw conveyors are no longer practical. Where a screw conveyor's performance is best when horizontal, the Olds Elevator's perform best at 90º.