earning is defined as a change in behavior, a change in attitude, or a change in one's mental representations. We shouldn't confuse "doing" with "learning." It is possible to learn by doing, but it is also possible to do for the sake of doing and to learn nothing in the end. Busy-ness is not learning. Activities are not learning. Fun is not the proper mood for learning. The terms we're looking for are engagement, which means being attentive to the task; satisfaction, which means taking pride in work done well; perseverence, which means seeing a task through to completion; rigorous, which means the task must aim for critical analysis, evaluation of evidence, and logical reasoning; and inquiry, which means the task is keyed to questions that are worth asking and that it leads to questions that are worth pursuing. The task ought to be keyed to the structural components of the discipline, and it ought to lead to deeper understanding of the basic stucture of that discipline.