Integrating with Southeast Asia is a key component of the PRC’s approach to multi-pronged regionalization. PRC-instigated globalization and regionalization unleashes a dual process of de-bordering and re-bordering in which the traditional barrier role of borders is yielding more to that of bridges. As a result, once small, marginal, and remote border cities and towns have become larger and lively centers of trade, tourism, and other flows. The PRC’s effort to engage Southeast Asia leaves many local footprints within and beyond the cities of the ADB-facilitated GMS, which was launched in 1992 and consists of the PRC’s Yunnan Province (with the later addition of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region), Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam.