The iron and steel industry is the largest energy consuming manufacturing sector in the world. In 1990, its
global energy consumption was estimated to be 18-19 exajoules (EJ), or 10-15% of total annual industrial
energy consumption. The associated CO2 emissions are estimated to be 1425 Mt. In 1995 this amount
increased to 1442 Mt CO2, equalling about 7% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions.