During the observation of instruction and teacher talk, codes for the events are “entered into the data stream as they occur” (Tappet al., 1995, p. 26). Entering the code for a new event ends the previous event and begins recording the duration of a new event, so that the data collector enters a new code when the instructional context changes. For example, if the teacher is reading Changing Seasons and stops to identify the target word winter while pointing to a picture,the data collector enters the code for labeling (l: This is winter). If the teachers continues to point to the picture and asks children to recall the word associated with the picture (What is this, everyone?), the duration of the labeling code (l) continues for as long as this type of instruction occurs. When the teacher begins to describe/define the target word (Teacher: Winter is a time of year when it is cold),the code for defining/describing (d) is used. As long as the teacher continues to describe the features associated with winter in the picture (Teacher: Sometimes there is snow on the ground because it is cold during the winter.), the duration of this defining/describing instruction is recorded until the teacher changes the instructional focus – “Can we predict what the girl will wear when she plays outside in the winter?”