the occurrence of several side reactions
besides transesterification, such as triglyceride hydrolysis, thermal
cracking of unsaturated FAMEs, glycerol etherification, isomerization
of oleic acid and methyl oleate, and decarboxylation of fatty acids. As
a result of these side reactions, they found an additional fuel yield of
5% without affecting the cetane number of the produced biodiesel.
Based on theoretical mass balances