) to give a final chitosan concentration
of 0.1% (w/v). The 0.05 ml of each bacterium (109
CFU/ml) subcultured in tryptic soy broth (TSB,
Difco) or MRS broth (for lactic acid bacteria) at 37
C for 24 h were inoculated into 10 ml of MHB or
MRS broth (adjusted to pH 5.9 except for the pH
effect study) and incubated at 37 C for 24 h with
shaking at 100 rpm