illustrated in Fig. 1.
No fracture occurred with SAF files nor did any fragment of the files remain within the root canals, as observed under the dental-operating microscope at 6.8 and 10.9· magnification. However, fractures were detected within the thin lattice of six SAF files.
The negative control group confirmed that irrigants delivered short of WL did not reach WL or penetrate lateral canals. The positive control group showed penetration to full WL and complete penetration of the lateral canals, allowing the irrigant to flow through them.