The parameters of the structure that are changed during optimization, called the design variables, are properties that affect the cross-sectional area of a beam such as, for the common case of tubular elements, the radius and thickness of each tube.
The parameters of the structurethat are changed during optimization, called the design variables,are properties that affect the cross-sectional area of a beamsuch as, for the common case of tubular elements, the radius andthickness of each tube.