Methodology/Principal Findings: We examined oviposition patterns by Ae. aegypti among 591 naturally occurring
containers and a set of experimental containers in Iquitos, Peru. Using larval starvation bioassays as an indirect measure of
container food content, we assessed whether females select containers with the most food for their offspring. Our data
indicate that choice of egg-laying site is influenced by conspecific larvae and pupae, container fill method, container size,
lid, and sun exposure. Although larval food positively influenced oviposition, our results did not support the hypothesis that
females act primarily to maximize food for larvae. Females were most strongly attracted to sites containing immature
conspecifics, even when potential competitors for their progeny were present in abundance.