fat is very important for fl avor development,
while the composition in fatty acids mainly
depends on the feed given to pigs (Jim é nez -
Colmenero et al. 2006 ) and the crossbreed
used (Armero et al. 2002 ). Any undesirable
aroma or oxidative development (i.e., rancidity)
must be detected before processing.
Hams are usually boned before brine
injection.
The salt added in the brine may reach a
fi nal content of around 2% in the ham. Salt
contributes to a reduction in water activity,
partial solubilization of myofi brillar proteins,
and typical salty taste. Nitrite is also added
at levels of 120 – 150 mg/kg and contributes to
typical light pink color formation, antioxidant
activity, and preservation effect against
pathogens (Pegg and Shahidi 2000 ). In order
to avoid risks of nitrosamine formation, the
addition of ascorbates or erythorbates at
levels of 200 – 400 mg/kg is recommended.
Some sugar (dextrose) may be added for taste
purposes. Phosphates, at levels from 0.15%
to 0.3%, given as P 2 O 5 , may be allowed in
some countries, depending on the quality of
the product. Polyphosphates contribute to
improvements in ham ’ s water retention.
Poor - quality hams may also contain some
nonmeat ingredients like milk powder,
caseinate, soy proteins, potato fl our, or carrageenan,
to act as thickeners and to improve
water retention.
fat is very important for fl avor development,while the composition in fatty acids mainlydepends on the feed given to pigs (Jim é nez -Colmenero et al. 2006 ) and the crossbreedused (Armero et al. 2002 ). Any undesirablearoma or oxidative development (i.e., rancidity)must be detected before processing.Hams are usually boned before brineinjection.The salt added in the brine may reach afi nal content of around 2% in the ham. Saltcontributes to a reduction in water activity,partial solubilization of myofi brillar proteins,and typical salty taste. Nitrite is also addedat levels of 120 – 150 mg/kg and contributes totypical light pink color formation, antioxidantactivity, and preservation effect againstpathogens (Pegg and Shahidi 2000 ). In orderto avoid risks of nitrosamine formation, theaddition of ascorbates or erythorbates atlevels of 200 – 400 mg/kg is recommended.Some sugar (dextrose) may be added for tastepurposes. Phosphates, at levels from 0.15%to 0.3%, given as P 2 O 5 , may be allowed insome countries, depending on the quality ofthe product. Polyphosphates contribute toimprovements in ham ’ s water retention.Poor - quality hams may also contain somenonmeat ingredients like milk powder,caseinate, soy proteins, potato fl our, or carrageenan,to act as thickeners and to improvewater retention.
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