Conclusion
Many scholars in critical applied linguistics have been revealed that English language and ELT has a strong connection to certain political issues which attempt to maintain unequal power relationship and inequities among Britain and its former colonies. To mention just a few, Phillipson (1992) postulates that there is cultural and linguistic imperialism (conscious or not) in the ELT community. Similarly, Pennycook (1994, 1998) emphasized the notion of the hegemonic – that is how, the intent of ELT theories and practices are often subtle products and promotion of colonialism. It is not to far-fetched to claim that English and ELT worldwide have been colorized by colonial values which can be clearly observed through scholastic, linguistic, cultural and economic lenses. The scholastic dimension comes into play in the way that Western scholars have invested their own vested interests by distributing Western but degrading local scholarship and wisdom. The relevance of the linguistic dimension become apparent through the established notion that the local knowledge of L2 learning and the use of local language are irrelevant to the English language and can therefore interfere with the acquisition of English. The cultural dimension integrates the ideology that the understanding of the native speaking culture and perspective is essential to help the L2 learners learn and use English properly. These three dimensions have a strong connection to the economic dimension which provides an advantage in employment and wealth for English-speaking nations from the West but maintains a disadvantage in other English-using countries. One would have to conclude that certain characteristics of the discourse of colonialism can be easily observed and noticed in ELT in the former colonies. However, some of the characteristics associated with ―imperialism seem to prevail in ELT in Thailand that has never been colonized.
บทสรุป Many scholars in critical applied linguistics have been revealed that English language and ELT has a strong connection to certain political issues which attempt to maintain unequal power relationship and inequities among Britain and its former colonies. To mention just a few, Phillipson (1992) postulates that there is cultural and linguistic imperialism (conscious or not) in the ELT community. Similarly, Pennycook (1994, 1998) emphasized the notion of the hegemonic – that is how, the intent of ELT theories and practices are often subtle products and promotion of colonialism. It is not to far-fetched to claim that English and ELT worldwide have been colorized by colonial values which can be clearly observed through scholastic, linguistic, cultural and economic lenses. The scholastic dimension comes into play in the way that Western scholars have invested their own vested interests by distributing Western but degrading local scholarship and wisdom. The relevance of the linguistic dimension become apparent through the established notion that the local knowledge of L2 learning and the use of local language are irrelevant to the English language and can therefore interfere with the acquisition of English. The cultural dimension integrates the ideology that the understanding of the native speaking culture and perspective is essential to help the L2 learners learn and use English properly. These three dimensions have a strong connection to the economic dimension which provides an advantage in employment and wealth for English-speaking nations from the West but maintains a disadvantage in other English-using countries. One would have to conclude that certain characteristics of the discourse of colonialism can be easily observed and noticed in ELT in the former colonies. However, some of the characteristics associated with ―imperialism seem to prevail in ELT in Thailand that has never been colonized.
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