The paper presents the concept of hazardous confined space
by identifying hazards in closed areas, with special emphasis on
dangerous gases commonly found there, and occupational safety
measures that involve: testing the air, cleaning and ventilation,
separating enclosed spaces, personal protections, entry control,
blocking mobile device and rescuing casualties. For only 8 years in
America, there has been an average of 89 work-related deaths in
confined spaces per year, and approximately 23 (25.5%) of those who
died were persons attempting rescue. Asphyxiation by gases was the
primary cause of death. The persons who were participating in rescue
were in most cases co-workers, not or emergency medical service
personnel. Since rescue operations in confined spaces are unique
hazards, proper training of personnel and the availability of
specialized equipment are required to protect persons attempting
rescue from injury and death. Emergency medical service personnel
should be familiar with all potential threats and rescue techniques in
confined space. Analogously, the paper describes all the potential
dangers and hazards of indoor space