In defining network effects, we focus on economic relations because they are likely to have a first-order effect on financial reporting. Network effects may also arise form geographic proximity and relation with erstwhile colonizers. For example, as countries located in a certain geographic region adopt IFRS, remaining countries n that region may also choose to adopt IFRS. Similarly, as a country’s former colonizer adopts IFRS, shared linguistic, cultural, and institutional ties act to encourage it to adopt IFRS. However, we do not find these effects significant in determining IFRS adoption, and the statistical significance of our results on economic m=network benefits is rod=bust to the inclusion of proxies for these additional effects.