Chitin is a linear polysaccharide consisting of β(1→4) linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc; A) residues. It is often considered the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature, after cellulose, and occurs mainly as a structural component in the cell walls of fungi and yeasts and in the exoskeletons of insects and arthropods (e.g., crabs, lobsters and shrimps). Chitin is insoluble in water and exists mainly in two crystalline polymorphic forms, α and β. α-Chitin consists of sheets of tightly packed alternating parallel and antiparallel chains [1] and is found in the exoskeleton of arthropods, in insects and in fungal and yeast cell walls. In β-chitin the chains are arranged in parallel [2]. β-chitin occurs less frequently in nature than α-chitin, but can be extracted from squid pens.