The increase of the promotional activity of porous cellulose (DCM) and spent grains toward protein gluten can be attributed: (i) to their higher surfaces in relation to Gluten Pellets surface for equal weights and so to the increase of lactose concentration on
the surface of DCM, and (ii) to the increased lactase enzyme activity and lactose hydrolysis rate, because the immobilized cells are protected on these hydrophilic cellulosic supports (DCM, BSG) in contrary to GP support and FC.