Let us consider Bowie's arguments. If we conclude that the meaning and value of work is whatever the worker determines it to be, as at least the hedo¬nistic version of the conventional model would hold, then we cannot say that workers have any right to, nor management any duty to provide, meaningful work. Such an open-ended conception of worker rights would render the con¬cept meaningless by failing to distinguish rights from mere desires. It also would imply a range of management duties that would be impossible to fulfill.