SUMMARY
Late puberty, silent heat, long calving interval and seasonal breeding are characteristics those
hamper the reproductive performance of the water buffalo. Several techniques have been used to
improve their reproductive efficiency. Ovulation program - fixed time artificial insemination (Ovsynch-
TAI) has been applied as the most popular solution with prospective results. Superovulation
demonstrates a fairly low number of embryos per buffalo in each session. Ovum pick-up (OPU) is
superior to superovulation since it could yield quite a large amount of oocytes in a short time.
Unfortunately, in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) rates are still low. Embryo
transfer has obtained some achievements. However, the efficacy of this technique is not really stable.
Further studies on improving efficiency of reproduction in the water buffalo are essential.
Key words: fertilization, ovulation, reproductive performance, water buffalo.